Copying and reproducing device



Nov. 13, 1962 E. E. GARFIELD 3,064,073

COPYING AND REPRODUCING DEVICE Filed May 12, 1959 AMPLIFI source PHASE SHIFTER lax,

INVENTOR. EUGENE GARFIELD F79. 2 "MAW 34a ATTORNEY State 3,964,078 Patented Nov. 13, 1952 3,064,078 CGPYBNG AND REPRODUCWG DEVICE Eugene E. Garfield, Woodhury, NJ. (1523 Spring Garden St, Philadelphia, Pa.) Filed May 12, 1959, Ser. No. 812,754 7 Claims. (Cl. 178-67) This invention relates to a copying and reproducing device, and more particularly to a device for copying and reproducing printed or written matter, such as letters, characters, words, phrases, sentences, or short paragraphs. This is a continuation-in-part of my copending application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 754,235, filed August 11, 1958, entitled Copying and Reproducing Device.

It is often desirable to copy and reproduce printed matter from books and the like. This is particularly desirable for such professions as technical or other types of researchers, lawyers, and statisticians, who review books, files, and other literature, and must copy pertinent parts thereof, such as words, phrases, sentences, or even paragraphs. Copying by hand, particularly if there is any quantity of material to copy, is tedious and time consuming.

There are presently available copying machines. However, such machines are relatively large. Therefore, the material to be copied must be taken to the machines. This takes time, so that the material is not available to others who may want to use it. This is particularly troublesome in libraries where considerable amount of research takes place. Furthermore, such machines copy full pages which is wasteful when many times only small portions of a page are required. Also, many photocopying machines, especially the smaller and less expensive ones, will copy only loose pages and not pages from a bound volume. In addition such machines being mainly only photocopying machines, require special paper to make a negative of the copy, and other special paper for the final reproduction, so that the operation of the machine becomes relatively expensive.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for copying or reproducing ter, whether it be only letters, characters, words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, or whole pages.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a device for copying and reproducing printed or written matter which permits the copying to be done at one location and the reproduction done at a different location.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a device for copying and reproducing printed or written matter, the copying portion of which is small enough to be manually portable, so that it can be used anywhere desired.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a device for copying and reproducing printed or written matter which is fast and relatively inexpensive to operate.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention there is shown in the drawings a form which is presently preferred; it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.

FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of the copying and reproducing device of the present invention, with the casing of the copying instrument being broken away.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of the reproducing instrument of the device of the present invention.

Referring initially to FIGURE 1, the copying and reproducing device of the present invention comprises in general a scanning or copying instrument, generally designated as 10, a reproducing instrument, generally designated as 12, and an electrical circuit connecting the copymany types of photoprinted or written mating instrument It) to the reproducing instrument 12 to operate them and transmit the information from one to the other.

The scanning or copying instrument casing 14 having an open end 14a. Casing 14 is small enough to be held easily in the hand. Within casing 14 is a small light bulb 16, or other source of light. Light bulb 16 directs its beam of light onto a pivotally mounted mirror 18 which in turn reflects the light through a lens 2% to the open end 14a of casing 14. Lens 20 is shaped to form the beam of light into a fine point at the casings open end 14a. An arm 22 extends upwardly from the mirror 13, and a permanent magnet contact 24 is attached to the upper end of the arm 22. An electromagnet 26 is mounted in casing 14 with one end of its core adjacent the contact 24. An elongated clear Lucite rod 28 is mounted in casing 14 and extends from the open end 14a of the casing 14 to a photoelectric cell, designated at 30. A single stage amplifier, designated at 32, is electrically connected to the photo-electric cell 30 to amplify the output of the photoelectric cell 30 to a usable level.

Referring to FIGURE 2, the reproducing instrument 12 comprises a casing 34 having an open end 34a. A small lightbulb 36, or other source of light, is mounted within the casing 34. Lightbulb 36 directs its beam of light onto a pivotably mounted mirror 38 which in turn reflects the light through a lens 49 to the open end 3% of the casing -34. Lens 40 is shaped to form the beam of light into a fine point at the open end 34a of the casing 34. An arm 42 extends upwardly from the mirror 38, and a permanent magnet contact 44 is attached to the upper end of the arm 42. An electromagnet 46 is mounted in the casing 34 with one end of the core of the electromagnet 46 being adjacent the contact 44.

Referring to FIGURE 1, the reproducing instrument 12 is mounted on a supporting rod 43. Reproducing instrument 12 is positioned with the open end 34a of the casing 34 being over and slightly spaced from the top surface of a backing plate 50. A strip 52 of recording paper is drawn from a supply reel 54 over tensioning guides 56 and across the backing plate 56. As the strip 52 of recording paper passes over the backing plate 50, it passes across the open end 34a of the casing 34 of the reproducing instrument 12. The paper strip 52 then passes over additional tensioning guides 58 to a power driven take-up, not shown.

Electromagnet 26 of the copying instrument 10 is connected through wiring 60 to a transformer 62, which in turn is connected to a standard sixty cycle power supply. The electromagnet 46 of the reproducing instrument 12 is connected through wiring 64 to the transformer 62. A phase shifter, diagrammatically shown at 66, is connected in the wiring 64 between the electromagnet 46 of the reproducing instrument 12 and the transformer 62. A rheostat 68 is provided in the copying instrument 10 in the connection between the electromagnet 26 and the transformer 62. A rheostat '70 is provided in the reproducing instrument 12 in the connection between the electromagnet 46 and the transformer 62.

The light bulb 16 of the copying instrument It) is connected through wiring 72 to a source of electrical current 74. The light bulb 36 of the reproducing instrument 12 is connected through wiring 76 to the source of electrical current 74. A switch 78 is provided in the wiring 76 between the light bulb 36 of the reproducing instrument 12 and the source of electrical current 74. Switch 73 is operated by a solenoid 80 so that when the solenoid Si) is energized the switch 78 is opened, and when the solenoid 86* is not energized the switch 78 is closed. Solenoid 80 is connected through wiring 82 to the amplifier 32 in the copying instrument 10. A second 10 comprises a amplifier 84 is connected in the wiring 82 between the copying instrument amplifier 32 and the solenoid $0.

The copying and reproducing device of the present invention operates as follows:

Copying instrument 1% is held with the open end 14a of the casing 14 over the printed matter to be. copied. The light from the bulb 16 is reflected from mirror 18 through lens 20 as a fine point onto the page of the printed matter. If the light shines onto an unprinted portion of the page, the light is reflected off of the white page. The Lucite rod 28 picks up the reflected light and transmits it to the photoelectric cell 30. When the light shines on the photoelectric cell 3%, a current is produced by the photoelectric cell 30 which is amplified by amplifiers 32 and 84 to energize the solenoid S0. Energizing solenoid 80 opens the switch '78 to prevent any current from passing from the source of electrical current 74 to the light bulb 36 in the reproducing instrument 12.

When the light from the bulb 16 of the copying instrument shines on a printed portion of the page of the printed matter, the light is not reflected from the dark printed matter. In this case, there is no current given oft by the photoelectric cell 3%} to energize the solenoid 80. Since the solenoid 80 is not energized, switch 78 is closed completing the circuit between the source of electrical current '74 and the bulb 36 of the reproducing instrument 12. The-light from the bulb 36 of the reproducing instrument 12 is reflectedfrom mirror 38 through lens 41 as a fine point onto the paper strip 52. Paper strip 52 is a light sensitive paper, such as Electro fax paper manufactured by the Radio Corporation of America, for any of the well known types of photographic 7 emulsion papers. Thus, a printed mark on the page being copied produces a corresponding mark on the paper strip 52.

The copying instrument electromagnet 26 is energized 'by the sixty cycle current causing the mirror arm 22 to vibrate at sixty cycles. This in turn oscillates the mirror 18 to cause the light beam from the bulb 16 to swing back and forth across the open end 14a of the easing 14. Thus, the beam of light from the light bulb 16 will scan the entire height of a line of printing on the page to be copied. The amplitude of the sweep of the light beam is adjusted by rheostat 68 to accept various sizeprinting. The reproducing instrument electromagnet '46 is similarly vibrated at sixty cycles causing the mirror arm 42 to vibrate at sixty cycles. This in turn oscillates the mirror 38 to cause the light beam from the light bulb 36 to swing back and forth across the open end 34a of the casing 34. The amplitude of the sweep of the light beam from the 'light bulb 36 is adjusted 'by rheostat 70 to correspond with the amplitude of the sweep :ofthe light beam of the copying instrument 10. Thus, the light beam from the light bulb 36 of the reproducing instrument 12 sweeps across the paper strip 52 in syn- :chronism with the light beam of the copying instrument 10. Phase shifter 66 is provided to adjust the phase relation between the movement of the mirror 38 of the reproducing instrument 12 and the mirror 18 of the copyinginstrument 1G to account for the time delay between thepickup of the reflected light from the page being copied and the receiving of the signal by the reproducing instrument 12,.

Paper strip 52 is pulled under the reproducing instrument 12 by a power driven take-up, not shown, and

copying instrument 10 is moved by handalong the line of printed matter at the same speed as the movement of the paper strip 52. 'If desired, the motion of the op erators hand can be synchronized with the power drive of the paper strip take-up by use of any well known type solenoid devices. Copying instrument 1% can be provided with a switch to start and stop the movement of the paper strip 52. Thus, as the, copying instrument 10 is moved along the line of printed matter, the oscil- -lating mirror 18 moves .the beam of light across the copied, there height of the printed matter so that the light sweeps across the entire area of theline of the printed matter. Likewise, the beam of light of the reproducing instrument 12 moves across the moving strip of paper 52 to cover the same area as the light beam oi the copying instrument 18. Therefore, since an electrical current is supplied to the light bulb 36 of the reproducing instrument 12 only when the light beam of the copying instrument 10 sweeps across printed matter so as to provide a mark on the paper strip 52, the marks on the paper strip 52 will take the same shape and configuration as the printed matter being copied. Thus, the printed matter will be identically reproduced on the paper strip 52.

Since copying instrument It) is small enough to be carried in the hand, and is connected to the reproducing instrument 1?. merely by electrical wiring, the reproducing instrument 12 and the electronic circuitry can be located in one place and the copying instrument 1% carried to a different location to be used. For example, in a library the reproducing instrument 12 and the electronic circuitry can be located at a central position and connected to a plurality of outlet plugs located at various places throughout the library. When a person desires to copy something from a book or magazine of the like, he merely plugs a copying instrument into the nearest outlet, and moves the copying instrument over the printed matter to be copied. The person can thereby move from place to place in the library and copy any desired printed matter at any location. When the person has completed his work, he returns to the location of the reproducing instrument 12 and cuts oil? the paper strip 52 containing the reproduced printed matter. This strip can be cut into short lengths and attached to a sheet of paper or cards so as to be more easily readable.

Thus, one can copy any printed matter from a single word to a whole page easily and quickly. Since the copying instrument 10 can be carried to the matter being is no time lost carrying the books to the copying machine and back to the shelves. Also, since the books are not taken away from the shelves they are always available. Furthermore, the reproduction takes place almost simultaneously with the copying, so that the copying operation is much quicker than with photocopying machines which require some type of chemical development of the reproduction.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof and, accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims, rather than to the toregoing specification as indicating the scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. A copying and reproducing device comprising a portable copying instrument, said copying instrument including a casing open at one end, means in said casing for producing a fine point of light at said open end of the casing, means to sweep said light across the open end of the casing, a photoelectric cell in said casing, and means to transmit reflections of said light to said photoelectric cell to produce an electric signal; a reproducing instrument including a casing open at one end, means in said reproducing instrument casing for producing a fine point of light at the open end of the casing, and means to sweep said light across the open end of the reproducing instrument casing; means for operating said, light sweeping means of said copying instrument and said reproducing instrument at the same frequency; means for providing an electric current to the light producing means of the copying instrument and the reproducing instrument; and means operated by the signal from the photoelectric cell of the copying instrument to cut .ofi the electric current to the light producing means of the reproducing instrument.

2. A copying and reproducing device comprising a portable copying instrument, said copying instrument including a casing open at one end, a source of light within and fixed with respect to said casing, a pivotable mirror within said casing for reflecting said light through a lens to the open end of the casing, means in said casing for oscillating said mirror to sweep said light as a fine point across the open end of the casing, a photoelectric cell in said casing, and means to transmit reflections of said light to said photoelectric cell to produce an electric signal; a reproducing instrument including a casing open at one end, a source of light within and fixed with respect to said reproducing instrument casing, a pivotable mirror within said reproducing instrument casing for reflecting the light through a lens to the open end of the casing, and means for oscillating said mirror to sweep the light as a fine point across the open end of the reproducing instrument casing; means operating said mirror oscillating means of said copying instrument and said reproducing instrument at the same frequency; means for providing an electric current to the source of light in said copying instrument and said reproducing instrument; and means operated by the signal from the photoelectric cell of the copying instrument to cut off the electric current to the source of the light in the reproducing instrument.

3. A copying and reproducing device in accordance with claim 2 in which the means for oscillating the mirror of the copying instrument comprises an arm extending from the mirror, and an electromagnet within the copying instrument casing adjacent said arm, the means for oscillating the mirror of the reproducing instrument comprises an arm extending from the mirror, and an electromagnet within the reproducing instrument casing adjacent the arm, and the means for operating the mirror oscillating means comprises a common source of AC. current connected to the copying instrument electromagnet and the reproducing instrument electromagnet.

4. A copying and reproducing device in accordance with claim 3 including a phase shifting means connected between the source of A.C. current and the reproducing instrument electromagnet.

5. A copying and reproducing device in accordance with claim 2 in which the means operated by the signal from the photoelectric cell of the copying instrument comprises a switch connected between the source of electric current and the source of light in the reproducing instrument casing, and a solenoid connected to said switch so that when the solenoid is energized the switch is open and when the solenoid is not energized the switch is closed, said solenoid being connected to said photoelectric cell so as to be energized by the electric signal from the photoelectric cell.

6. A copying and reproducing device in accordance with claim 5 including amplifying means connected between the photoelectric cell and the solenoid.

7. A copying and reproducing device in accordance with claim 2 including means for moving a strip of light sensitive paper across the open end of the reproducing instrument casing.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 19,575 Finch May 21, 1935 Re. 21,105 Round May 30, 1939 1,725,710 Hammond Aug. 20, 1929 2,225,915 Loiser Dec. 24, 1940 2,457,456 Flory Dec. 28, 1948 2,624,652 Carlson Jan. 6, 1953 2,895,005 Kock et a1. July 14, 1959 

